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J. B. LYONS. APPARATUS P0P GRINDING PPAT.

Na 60,398. y Patented Dem-11, 1866.

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JAMES n. LYoNS, oF coRNWALL, coNNEerreur.14''` i l Letters Patent No. 60,398, dated December 11, 1866.

TO AIiL WI-IOM IT MAY CONCRN: I

Beit known that I, JAMES B. Lions', of the town of Cornwall, in the county of Litchfield, in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful imprvcmcnts in Machinery `for Grinding Peat; and the following is a full, clear, and exact description o f vthe san{e, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in wl1ich r Figure l. represents a side elevation of the machine.

Figure 2 shows a plan or top view, with a portion of the top cover broken, showing a longitudinal section of the interior working mechanism.

Figure 3 shows an end View section, through the crushing and grindingrmechanism and the hopper.

Figure 4 s hows an end section, through thecutting and pulverizing portion of the machine. i

Figure 5 is an end view of the delivery or wiping out mechanism. i

The object of my invention is to eifectually cut up the fibrous portions of peat, and to grind and pulverize the substance, reducing itrto the finest paste or powder.

My invention consists in the arrangement and' combination of the crushing cylinder `and forks, with the' long series of spiral cutting blades and angular brakes, and the spiral wiping wings and perforated discharging cap-cylinder.

To enable others to make and use my'improved machine forgrinding peat, I will describe it more fully, referring to the .drawings and tothe letters marked thereon.

I make an iron cylinder, A A and B B, in any desired number of sections, by having anges a a, through which they may be boltedtogether, the sections being cast in halves or semicircles, with projecting iian ges b b on both edges, to screw the upper half B to the under portion A, which is supported, at a suitable height, on iron brackets C C. Over one section of the cover is the hopper D, in which is the crushing mechanism, which consists of the stationary forks tl ol and the revolving hook breakers e c e e, as seen in the top view in iig. 2 and end view iig. 3. Under the crushing apparatus is alarge opening -into the cutting and grinding cylinder A B, the operating mechanism, which consists of a long iron shaft f, extending longitudinally the whole length of the cylindrical case, having its bearingsin-boxes in the ends E of the case A B. rOn. both sides of the lower section A are secured the angular brakes F F, a portion of which are set zig-zag. There is also a part of the space in which some of the brakes F are set perpendicular, all of Vthem reaching near the hubs Non the cutting blades near`thc centre, they forming supports to prevent thc revolving cutter-blade shaft from vibrating. The cutter blades r L h l. are cast with three blades or strong knives 7L h h, sharp on the forward edge, and

broad enough on the back, to nearly or quite fill the spaces between the brakes F F F, their bevel or inclinations being so that when set onthe shaft f in a spiral heir tendency is to force the material back, to be deliv.

ered into the perforated dischargingcip-cylinder 1i, to be discharged through the perforations j j 7' 7' 7' j by the action of the Scrapers I I I, they being outside ofl the grinding `cylinder, and working close in the perforated cap-'cylinder H, so as to force out all of the substance through the perforations; that is, forced in through the aperture K, and comes in contact with the wings of the scraper.

The machine, as above described, maybe driven ata high speed by a belt on the band wheel L, which is on the main shaft f, and motion is communicated to'thc breaking apparatus shaft S by the spur gear-wheels M and N, the break shaft revolving twice to the. cutting and grinding shaft once, so that the breaking apparatus will take in a supply sufficient to keep the cutting, grinding, and pulverizing parts at work to their fullest capacity.

It has been recently discovered that peat, when the fibers can bc'cut, and the mass suitably ground or pulv01-ized, can be made very useful and available for other purposes besides for fuel; and it is in view of preparing it for a new and useful article of trade and commerce that I have `invented and constructed a working machine, as above described, capable of preparing a4 large quantity in the most perfect manner. It is well known that most peat is composedin part of small bers, which are nearly as tough` and hard to break as a copper wire of the same size and it willreadily'be seen that, by my arrangement and combination of mechanism, it can be reduced'to a fine paste, or when dried, to a very fine powder.

Having thus fully described my invention and improvements in a grinding mill or apparatus' for reducing peat to a fine consistcnce or powder, preparatory to manufacturing a new article of trade and commerce, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is p The perforated end cylinder H, in combination with the wiping wings I I I, cutting and grinding mechanism F F h L, operating to discharge the pulverizcd mass, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

Witnesses: JAMES B. LYONS.

Eennr E. Pannen, HARRY J. THOMPSON. 

